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Inyoboranyigisho ku mategeko agenga itangazamakuru mu Rwanda

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Tubahaye ikaze muri iyi Nyoboranyigisho ku mategeko agenga itangazamakuru mu Rwanda iha amahirwe abiga, abigisha, abagenzura itangazamakuru cyangwa abakora itangazamakuru yo kumva imiterere y’amategeko y’u Rwanda.

Ibikubiye mu isomo 

Ibyerekeye amasomo
Ibyo ugiye kwiga
Impuguke zabigizemo uruhare
Ibigo byabigizemo uruhare
Iyi Nyoboranyigisho igamije guha umusomyi ibintu bibiri:

1. Umusogongero urambuye n’ibisobanuro by’ibyo ukwiye kwitega mu gihe wiga itangazamakuru/isakazamakuru

2. Isesengura ry’imbitse n’imirongo nyobozi ku ngingo nyamukuru mu mategeko agenga itangazamakuru byisunze ingero zo kwigiraho kandi bigakomoza ku mategeko

Inyoboranyigisho ku mategeko agenga itangazamakuru mu Rwanda igenewe mbere na mbere gukoreshwa nk'igitabo cy'amasomo cyunganira ibiganiro byigisha itangazamakurungiro no gufasha abarikorera mu Rwanda baturuka hanze yarwo.

Ikirango 'Inama' (!) kigaragaza ibice byingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho kuri buri ngingo.

Buri gice kibumbiyemo utu duce dukurikira:

  • Inshoza y ‘icyigisho, ibigamjwe by’ingenzi n’ibice by’ingenzi
  • Ibyitezwe mu isomo
  • Ingero (Ibyemezo by’inkiko aho bikwiriye)
  • Isuzumabumenyi
  • Incamake y’inama ku makuru y’ingenzi no kwibutsa ingingo nyamukuru z’amategeko hashingiwe ku ngero zifatika. 


Iyi Nyoboranyigisho ifite ibice bitandatu:

Igice cya mbere: Iki gice gisobanura imiterere y’amategeko y’u Rwanda. Kigamije gufasha usoma kugira ubumenyi bukwiye no gusobanukirwa imiterere y’amategeko y’u Rwanda n’isoko y’amategeko.

Igice cya Kabiri (2) cyerekeye kugenzura itangazamakuru, kigasobanura icyo ibi bivuze n’amahame ashingirwaho mu kugenzura itangazamakuru mu gihugu kigendera kuri demokarasi. Kigaragaza inzego zitandukanye zigenzura itangazamakuru mu Rwanda kandi kigasesengura ibyo bahuriyeho n’ibyo batandukaniyeho. Iby’ingenzi biri muri iki gice birimo itandukaniro riri hagati y’ububasha bushingiye ku mategeko bwo kugenzura itangazamakuru bufitwe n’ urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe kugenzura imikorere y’inzego zimwe z’imirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro (RURA) n’uburyo bwo kwigenzura bushyirwa mu bikorwa binyuze mu rwego rw’abanyamakuru bigenzura. 

Ibice bitatu (3) byerekeye ibijyanye no kurengera izindi nyungu rusange mu gihe twubahiriza ubwisazure bw’itangazamakuru. Izo nyungu rusange zirimo kurinda uburenganzira bwite bw’abantu, burimo ubwo kugira icyubahiro n’ubuzima bwite nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko agenga gusebanya n’ayo kurinda amakuru bwite (Igice cya 3) Ibyo bice binasuzuma ibyerekeye kurengera uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by’ubwenge by’umwihariko ku burenganzira bw’abahanzi (Igice cya 5).

Igice cya 4 gisesengura ingingo z’inyungu rusange zerekeye kurinda umudendezo rusange, imigenzo myiza n’ubuzima rusange.

Igice cya 6 gisuzuma amategeko agamije korohereza abanyamakuru mu kazi kabo. Cyibanda ku byerekeye amategeko yo kurinda ibanga ry’ababahaye amakuru n’ayerekeye kubona amakuru.

Imigereka iriho amwe mu mategeko ya ngombwa, Ibyemezo by’inkiko n’izindi nyandiko mpuzamahanga zifitanye isano no gusobanukirwa neza n’amategeko agenga itangazamakuru mu Rwanda.
Nurangiza iri somo, uzabasha:

  • Uraba ushobora kugaragaza ubumenyi buhagije no gusobanukirwa imiterere y’amategeko y’u Rwanda, Ugusumba andi mategeko kw’Itegeko Nshinga n’ibirambuye ku miterere y’inkiko.
  • Waba uri umugenzuzi, umushakashatsi, ushyiraho politiki igenga itangazamakuru cyangwa umushingamategeko, ku musozo w’iki gice uraba usobanukiwe neza icyo kugenzura itangazamakuru ari cyo, impamvu iryo genzura rishobora kuba ngombwa mu gihugu cyawe n’uburyo itangazamakuru rigenzurwa mu Rwanda.
  • Uraba ushobora kugaragaza ubumenyi buhagije no gusobanukirwa amahame amategeko agenga gusebanya no kurinda amakuru ashingiyeho, ibirego bikomoka kuri ibi n’ibyo ababirezwe bashobora kwireguza.
  • Nk’umunyamakuru, umushakashatsi cyangwa umushingamategeko urasobanukirwa neza unashobore kwirinda kunyuranya n’amategeko mu gihe cyo gusakaza amakuru cyangwa.
  • Nk’umunyamakuru, umushakashatsi, umugenzuzi uzaba ubasha kugaragaza no gusobanukirwa n’amahame y’uburenganzira bw’umuhanzi n’uburenganzira (kamere n’ubw’ubukungu) bw’umunyamakuru kubyo yanditse. Kwandika u buryo bw’itangazamakuru ni umurimo wihariye kandi utoroshye ndetse rimwe na rimwe, bikenera kurengerwa.
  • Nk’umunyamakuru, umushakashatsi, umushingamategeko urasobanukirwa amategeko atanga uburenganzira bwo kubona amakuru afitwe n’ibigo bya leta ndetse n’iby’abikorera n’igihe ubwo burenganzira bushobora gukumirwa.

Henry Omusundi Maina -
impuguke mu mategeko

Henry Omusundi Maina ni impuguke mu mategeko yerekeye ukubona amakuru amazemo imyaka irenga 20, akaba yarabyigiye mu Bwongereza muri gahunda ya Chevening. Ni umwe mu bagize itsinda ryateguye imirongo ngenderwaho mu gukora itegeko ryerekeye ukubona amakuru muri Afurika. Bwana Maina ni umwarimu w’isomo ry’amategeko y’itangazamakuru n’amahame ngengamyitwarire y’umwuga w’itangazamakuru muri Kaminuza ya Nairobi no mu ishami ry’Itangazamakuru muri Kaminuza ya Aga Khan University. 

Jean Paul IBAMBE -
impuguke mu mategeko

Jean Paul IBAMBE, ni umunyamategeko ubarizwa mu Rugaga rw’Abavoka mu Rwanda n’Urugaga rw’Abavoka bo muri Afurika y’Uburasirazuba (EALS) ufite inararibonye mu byerekeye kubona ubutabera, itangazamakuru, ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, Uburenganzira bwo Kubona amakuru, Kugenzura Itangazamakuru, Ikoranabuhanga, n’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu.
Yakoze mu itangazamakuru bitandukanye mu Rwanda nk’umwanditsi mukuru, yabaye Umujyanama mu by’amategeko w’Urwego rw’Abanyamakuru Bigenzura mu Rwanda (RMC).

Emmanuel Mugisha - Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Rwanda Media Commission (RMC).

Emmanuel Mugisha, ni Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Rwanda Media Commission (RMC). Afite impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga muri International Relations and Diplomacy yakuye muri kaminuza ya Mount Kenya University kandi afite impamyabumenyi mu by'amategeko (LLB) yakuye muri Kaminuza y'U Rwanda (UR).
"Ihuriro ry’imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko (LAF mu magambo ahinnye y’icyongereza), ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2006 nk’umuryango utari uwa Leta ufite icyicaro i Kigali mu Rwanda; ukaba mu nshingano zawo ukora ubuvugizi ukanateza imbere uburenganzira bwo kubona ubutabera buboneye, kugendera ku mategeko, uburenganzira bwa muntu, ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo n’ubwitangazamakuru hatanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku banyamakuru n’abandi banyamwuga b’itangazamakuru; gutanga amahugurwa no gukora ubuvugizi bushingiye ku bushakashatsi. Rigizwe n’abanyamuryango bagera kuri 38 barimo imiryango nyarwanda itari iya leta n’indi mvamahanga, ingaga, ibigo bitanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko bishamikiye kuri za Kaminuza zigisha amategeko n’imiryango ishingiye ku madini."

Rwanda Media Commission ni urwego rw’abanyamakuru bigenzura rwahawe inshingano ikomeye na reta y’u Rwanda yo guteza imbere umwuga w'itangazamakuru mu Rwanda, hari inshingano zo kugira itangazamakuru ryigenga kandi rikora kinyamwuga. Yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2013 hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 02/2013, ingingo ya 2 (igika cya 20), RMC ikaba imaze kuba inkingi ya mwamba mu iterambere ry'itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda, ikanagaragaza ubufatanye hagati ya leta y'u Rwanda, abaturage muri rusange, abanyamakuru n'abafatanyabikorwa.

Inshingano za RMC

RMC ifite inshingano zo guteza imbere itangazamakuru ry’igenga, rikora kinyamwuga kandi ryigenzura mu Rwanda. Duharanira itangazamakuru ryubahiriza indangagaciro z'umwuga kandi turinda ubwigenge bw'itangazamakuru, tukemeza ko itangazamakuru ritera imbere mu gihe rikurikiza amahame y'ubunyamwuga n'ubwigenge mu gusohoza inshingano zaryo zo gukorera rubanda.